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The energy flow diagram is based on primary energy, secondary energy and the types of energy carriers. Types of primary energy are coming to power converting systems and then, go to end-user as electricity or refined fossil fuels. We made the model of the process in the picture above.
Sun is a free source of energy that we use it to generate electricity with photovoltaics but that's not all the story about it. Solar thermal energy is another form of energy in solar beams emitted by the sun to the earth as a reason for the vaporization of seawater. Also, solar thermal energy causes the flows of air - winds and flows in oceans all around the globe. It changes the seasons of the year. Additionally, solar thermal energy is a source of heat in passive or direct forms like preheating or warming water or air by solar collectors to run a power plant, provide domestic hot water or using solar radiation coming through windows directly into space. Now it is possible to use this clean and free energy in our homes and for portable use by application of new packaged collector technologies. So our team designed a solar thermal system in details on the roof of the building. This is a simple design of a solar thermal system.
Demand-side management of electricity like the load shifting is a solution to reduce the capacity in the use of peak load power plants. Also, we can consider load shifting as demand-side resources by being a part of distributed resources. Here’s a design of a thermal energy storage system for a four-floor office building that was simulated by Trace700 software. We designed it to meet the 38% and 8% of the cooling load in two different scenarios. All the cooling load in 6 hrs of the peak on a day is 54%. It reduced the capacity of power plants in use and improved efficiency of the system.
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